Recruitment and selection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Recruitment and selection - quiz Exampleis mandated to ensuring that the organisation acquires quality work force to enable the organization achieve some of its primary objectives and the alliances vision. However, getting the right people for the job has always been a major challenge for nearly organisations. This explains why most of the organisations have invested heavily in human resource.McDonalds began operations in the early 1954 and later on grew to puzzle the worlds leading food retailer with oer 30,000 food outlets in over 199 countries. It is estimated that McDonalds serves approximately 47 million customers on a daily basis. In addition to its retail success, McDonalds has become a global brand a situation that is evidenced by the increasing sh be metropolis of the firm.According to McDonalds & Hite, (2005, p.437), the segment of human resource in any company is accountable for the management of the workforce to ensure that employees work effectively to achieve the companys mission and vision. In view of this, the HRM department plays a key role in the management process of an organisation. Some of the responsibilities that the HRM department is charged with accept enlisting, selection, performance management, employee training and administration. The HR process of any organisation aims at recruiting skilled labour to assistant an organisation achieve competitive advantage particularly in competitive sectors.The process of recruiting new employees at McDonalds runs through the entire year. The process is often both internal and external. However, most of the management team at McDonalds is picked internally which implies that there is employee appraisal. By picking the management team internally, the management team ensures that those selected to the organisation are knowledgeable of the restaurants operations in the food industry and also maintain the organisational culture. The recruitment process at McDonalds is broken down into smaller and manageable departmental

Physical and Psychological abuse on a child cause devasting and even Essay

Physical and Psychological blackguard on a child cause devasting and even fatal consequences - Essay ExampleAbusers often raise abusers so it rargonly stops in one generation. The goal would be to figure out what allows some abused children to produce up not being an abuser and use that to help others. Much more attention postulate to be spent on child abuse. It needs the same attention as other familiar health issues, such as smoking and obesity. Only then can we find a repossess for the problem that causes such pain for many.Children who have been abused may suffer large term personal effects. Those effects may be different for different children precisely the victimization creates symptoms ranging from self-doubt to self-loathing In some cases the effects of being a victim never go away while some with the correct comport may turn this self-doubt or self-loathing into that of survival. Many studies have been done in an effort to forestall what might be the effects for ea ch child as they grow older This paper lead discuss what child abuse actually is, how prevalent it is and what the long term effects are young studies will be used to support information presented. Studies show that children who have been abused suffer long term affects, such as self doubt and self loathing as modes of survival.Child abuse or abuse is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) as the abuse of power that might harm the childs health, survival, dignity, or development. This is the basis for their definition of frenzy against children which broadens the scope from just violence to include social and environmental harm (Widom, et. al., 2008). This definition involves most kinds of violence against children as most of them are power issues. Putting a child in a position of having no power potently affects tat childs self esteem causing him to b less assertive against the perpetrator.Philip Hyden (1999) describes the symptoms of abuse that might be seen in the emergency room. There are many possible approaches to reporting child abuse but unfortunately

Planet Venus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Planet genus genus genus Venus - Essay ExampleVenus is the conclusionst planet to worldly concern both in distance and radius and this proximity has meant that we know more about it than any some a nonher(prenominal) planet. As shown below a lost has been discovered regarding the planets formation, composition, and visibility. Picture of Venus Venus was formed somewhat 4.6 billion years ago together with the rest of the solar ashes when our sun was formed in a cloud nebula referred to as the solar nebula (Cain). The cloud nebula must know been destabilized by a steady external force such as a nearby supernova as it began to deteriorate and with its crumbling down many a(prenominal) stars were formed including our sun which due to its gravity attracted residue from the nebula that rotated in the form of hot rocks. The rocks would inwardness together to form the planets of our solar system and one of them was Venus. It is believed that Venus must have collided with another c ommodious object that affected its rotation as it the only planet to rotate in a dextral manner. Proof of this is also seen in the fact that Venus has the longest day in the solar system the equivalent of 243 which is longer than the time it takes to revolve around the sun. In spite of this collision, Venus would still die hard the biggest region within its location and it is believed it might have crimson absorbed the object that collided with it. While Venus is similar to earth in size being 95 % the size of our planet and given their close proximity it is equivalently that they formed during the same time. Venus does however have some stark differences that have made it be nicknamed earths evil twin by scientists. Comparative photo of Venus and Earth by NASA The lower atmosphere of Venus is filled with Carbon Dioxide and nitrogen while the pep pill atmosphere has a strong presence of sulphur dioxide which makes the temperatures of Venus extremely high due to a Greenhouse eff ect. With recordings of over 460? Centigrade the temperature on Venus are the hottest recorded on any planet even surpassing Mercury which is the closest to the sun and the sulfur fumes make the environment acidic as it rains sulfuric acid in the upper atmosphere. These factors make Venus a lifeless planet as the places are highly inhospitable for terrestrial life as we know. The surface of Venus unlike other planets does not have craters due to meteorites and dickens theories have arisen to explain this either the gases are so densely that any object that enters the atmosphere will burn up due to the air pressure with the expulsion of the largest of meteorites, or the planets volcanoes have been erupting frequently and so cover any asteroid collisions that have occurred (Redd). The planet does not have any water on the surface due to the high temperatures but it does have two huge continents that have mainly volcanic plains. Venus also lacks a magnetic field like that of the ear th and it is thought that the main cause of this is that the core has cooled down portentously thus lacks many ionise particles. Several projects have been initiated to send probes to Venus so as to explore the planet a significant number of which were make by the USSR during the cold war era where it was competing with USA in the space race. The front successful landing was done in 1970 by the Venera -7 space probes however, several strike down by missions had been done before it. The Venera successfully transmitted date from the planets surface regarding its composition and in 1975 the Venera 9 sent the first images from the planet. From then other probes have been sent as well as fly by missions conducted with the European Union sending its own orbiters to study the planet (Anatoly). Photo of surface of Venus from Nasa 2005 Venus is a highly inhospitab

Analyzing Experimental Research Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analyzing Experimental Research Studies - Essay ExampleBut the reality is, the hefty breakfast that makes our child healthy consists of According to the American Dietetic Association, these can includeThe Castrol (3) brand speaks for itself and the implementation is acknowledged world over. But when they borrow Cristiano Ronaldo, the highest paid footballer under the Sun, the sale might hold up been surged northwards but the finer contents and the subtle technicalities somehow have been thwarted or compromised. The wizard footballer may know the game but the ultimate seven point advantage which the keenness brand has been provided including protection against wear, long lasting oil and cleaner engine to name a a couple of(prenominal) has not been uttered in victorian manner. The expert here has a very little position to play to describe the superior parts of the lubricant since his expertise pertains to a different field. The only plebeian lining inJohn McCain has copiously used capital of France Hilton who says few words against the Biggest Celebrity Barak Obama. Her magniloquence was a curious mix over some topics like Offshore Dealing, Higher Taxes and so on. Again here the ad content platters out a hollow massage. A socialite like Hilton is topper suited for her comments on latest trend of fashions or foot wares. She is welcome to share her recent bonk in a luxury cruise but her semipolitical acumens are not a proper topic to discuss. Leave aside the title expert she is a non grata persona in political field. course when she shares her concern over these topics which perhaps were uttered for the first time in her life, it hardly cracks any ice. (4)1. Paris Hilton has not given a second thought about his limitation as a political commentator. It is not a realistic approach from the part of the ad managers to use her political acumen as the USP to fetch more voting percentage.2. Her testimony as an expert was contradicted with a much cleaver ad w here a battery of bright faces

Career Counseling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Career advise - Essay ExampleThe authors utilized the questionnaire survey method by distributing wisher choice questionnaires in 1993 during a business meeting organized by the Organization of Student Representatives (OSR). The respondents comprised of 114 OSR members of diverse nationalities who pursued varied undergrad degrees.The findings revealed that the following factors were influential in the students career choice (1) parental domiciliate and (2) previous health care orientation and experience. In addition, more than 97% of the respondents felt that checkup schools should help medical students who are open(a) about their medical specialty choices (Hesser, Mehaffey & Thompson, 1995, 1). The authors averred that the respondents emphasized that their medical schools failed to provide assistance in choosing a medical specialty due to the following reasons (1) lack of neither facilitators nor organized career support services (2) guide trained facilitators but not consist ent in the provision of career support services and (3) soak up both facilitators and support services but failed to announce public schedules as needed.As a result, the authors contended that rising research could look into focusing not only on training appropriate facilitators and organizing career support services, but more so on strategies of publicizing these services accordingly. They concluded by stating that medical students, on their own determined initiatives, must not give up until they have found them (Hesser, Mehaffey & Thompson, 1995, 1).The information relayed in the article is relevant in terms of making students aware that various endeavors and educational institutions must actively pursue career counseling services to guide students in the direction of their career path. Despite champions determination to pursue a particular career, developments in

Marketing strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

food commercializeing strategy - assignment ExampleThis research is being carried out to evaluate and present some of the generic marketing strategies. Market dominance this is the portion of the market served by the organization. It is healthier for a business entity to know the size of the market and the percentage it serves. This will enable them determine the quantity of production. Market dominance is grouped into four. These are leader, challenger, participator and niche. To avoid serious impact, businesses should try to be the market leaders. This can be achieved through direct marketing, packaging and other promotional methods. Growth strategy this is a strategy aimed at the area of function, persona of operation and quantity of production. Businesses should spread out their branches over as large region as possible. This may wear place in the following directions horizontal (the operation is expanded geographically), vertical (improvement done on the quality of produ ction and quantity of the produce), diversification and intensification (changes made to include variety of other related commodities for example if antecedently organization was producing beverages it can incorporate refreshments). regeneration strategy this strategy aids the invention of advanced products, new production methods, new markets and new branding. It enhances the sales of the products and results in average increase of sales. Businesses should always try to be the inventors of an idea the pioneers and not the pursual or the late followers. Pioneers are likely to dominate the market if their followers are not innovative enough to come up with a more advanced attend or quantity. An example is the coca cola company who has remained the sole producers of refreshments in the larger East and exchange Africa. They therefore dominate this market. They as the leader keep all the secrets of production to themselves. They have succeeded in operations through practices like b randing of their commodities. Also the services like software services where companies like Microsoft were tightfitting followers but are now coming up steadily due to their innovative nature. Innovation strategy should cut across the technological changes and the business innovations and the inventions. Porter generic strategy these are go put forth to ensure that the organization gets deep into the market and has a proper and sustainable intent advantage. Organizations are able to achieve this through market segmentation dividing market into portions of same need and which serviced in a similar way and cost leadership making the prices of the commodities be fairly lower compared to that of the competitors. ingathering differentiation can be used make clear distinction between the vendors. Marketing warfare strategies these deal with marketing and war, dictate what is to be done at such times. Product strategy scroll Product strategy is the procedure which an

Project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 7

Project attention - rise ExampleThe management and implementation of projects in the unrestricted sector is a very big gainsay simply because there is large number of constraints that restricts the operations. The major issue of projects in public sector is that it is chthonian the control of government and it is their task to deliver quality project at the specified time. The government policies as healthful as projects needs to be delivered within the time, should meet the expectations as well as should be within the budget. To accomplish such a task is not easy because the environment in which public sector organizations operate is very competitive. The project taken into consideration is related to the work ara or more specifically taking the support of external suppliers to deliver services that would be beneficial for the workers who are disabled to reintegrate in terms of workplace and provide services to all other employers and workers who energy require such services .The image phase of a project requires availability of essential resources in advanced proportion. The designing phase of any project is very crucial simply because it lays the foundation of development of the project. The design needs to contribution from all the key personnel in the organization. The management of the organization as well as other executives needs to devote well defined tasks so that none of the responsibilities overlap all(prenominal) other. For smooth running of a project it is very essential that the users expectations are unplowed in mind. The first factor that plays a critical role in project management is to have an appropriate team for project design, development and implementation. The leadership skills are very essential for effective management of project because it enhances the motivation level of the project team members. The members involved in the project needs to be highly motivated and should be enthusiastic

Law and Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Law and Economics - analyse ExampleThe back and forth amid RIAA and the MPAA (Recording Industry familiarity of America and the Motion Picture Association of America) and copy responsibility infringement has been a staple of the news since Napster was origin all in ally shut down back in the last 1990s. Originally, groups such as the RIAA and MPAA have targeted the copyright infringer themselves however, the specter of taking a 12 yr old girl to court and forcing a settlement on her that equates to tens of thousands of dollars in judgment per song downloaded was counterproductive to their cause. The copyright battle has digressed into a type of action/reaction battle that pits private entities against oftentimes ill-informed web-users caught between an oftentimes impartial judiciary branch. As such, the MPAA and RIAA changed their tactics and began to target the method through which the files were being share namely, the torrent trackers that hosted the content. This method fail ed to achieve the desired result as torrent trackers merely moved their servers to nations that were immaterial the jurisdiction of the MPAA and RIAA. As a last resort, the MPAA and RIAA have began bringing suits towards the ISPs(Internet Service Providers) that provide the link to the tuition that copyright infringers download. This practice has achieved mixed results. As is the specific case in Australia, the High Court disregard the case brought by MPAA and RIAA representatives that would have required ISPs to suspend the accounts of known copyright infringers. Although the MPAA and RIAA have a show up with regards to the level of copyright infringement that their interests see violated on a daily basis, the fact of the event is that these organizations are pursuing a somewhat minor problem with an heavy handed and categorical cost that has severe effects on the way that everyone uses media and data. As a community, file sharers (copyright infringers) vehemently defend thei r right to own, acquire, distribute, and disseminate any and all forms of media and information. To this group it is seen a right of free and open societies to remove all constraints to the free flow of information. However, on the flip side, copyright holders and those that have labored to create intellectual piazza are interested in protecting it from threats to its overall favorableness. As such, a prime threat to profitability of intellectual copyrighted information is illegal file sharing. These two groups are increasing intractable in their support and defense of their respective practices. As such, to better understand the true implications of their respective actions, an empirical summary must be performed to ascertain the negative attributes that file sharing may or may not have with relation to intellectual material. Although it would appear to seem a very straightforward answer as to whether illegal file sharing has directly affected music and film profits, the answer is anything but (Goel et al, 2010). A study by the University of North Carolina found that an album that was leaked up to a full month in advance of its scheduled release (and vigorously downloaded during this time) would actually experience a slight boost in overall sales (Dewenter et al, 2012). This non-expected result is just the tip of the

What is economic diplomacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

What is economic diplomacy - Essay Exampleon the part of the countries to negotiate the right rail line of action which is required for the economic as well as the trade activities and processes for the different players present in the market or the industry for that matter. These could include the tactics which are there for the short term aimed as making alliances and mergers and the strategic shifts towards social development with the help of growth and cooperation hand in hand.The international governmental and economic traffic between different states and countries has promoted as well as saved the varied interests of these nations when it comes to the relevant discussion regarding the economic diplomacy. The superpowers of the world are focusing their attention on the well being of their various(prenominal) economies whereby the production levels in these countries in relation to different goods and the provision of services has increased and got better in the years that ha ve passed by. There is so much competition that a nation cannot stay at a place for a considerable period of time and it needs to evolve and change its program line every now and then. Economic diplomacy ensures that the countries die hard on their toes to the ever changing market conditions and remain attentive to the industrial amendments which happen from time to time. Thus the countries carry out their external economic relations with the help of the tool that we call as the economic diplomacy. This is not a new phenomenon in the related to contexts but surely one which exit stick on for years to come in the orbit of economic development and prosperity of nations.The changing role of the nations in the wake of their joining different alliances and treaties the like NAFTA, WTO, EU, ASEAN and the like suggests that there is constant upheaval on the domestic and international front and that the diplomatic activities will continue to suffice in the times to come. Economic dipl omacy takes care of the factors which include aid, trade, reduction in

International Tax and Estate Planning Assignment

International appraise revenue and Estate Planning - Assignment ExampleHowever, for married decedents of these non resident aliens, the question of whether they are going o be subject to taxing is determined by a number of factors including the property regime relevant to their marriage. If the person getting the property is a noncitizen (an alien) is indeed a nonresident of the united States, then they may non be subject to any tax payment.Explanation the US tax rules are designed to change to reflect the kind of property that an alien or nonresident is maintaining. A facts and circumstances test is usually used to determine if a nonresident taxpayer is engaged in a U.S. trade or line of reasoning. A nonresident alien who is carrying out personal services in the US is generally considered to be engaged in a business although thither are some exemptions there are exceptions. In this regard, if the property identified in question two was a hotel that is doing profitable busines s as opposed to a family holiday home, the tax rules would change.Explanation insurance proceeds are not considered to be in situ property, or property situated in the United States, regardless of whether the issuing political party is in the USA or in another country. However, some rules apply in this case. For instance, the insurance has to be on the decedent and not the person benefiting from it. This means that in this case, the proceeds from the insurance cover pull up stakes not be considered to be US situ property.Answer the amount that such a person go away pay will be determined by a number of factors. To begin with, it there is a treaty that protects such a person from paying tax, or that delimits the amount o tax that he or she is supposed to pay, this will be considered. At the same time, such a person who is entitle to treaty benefits can also avoid taxation if he or she does not have a permanent establishment, in the U.S. through which foreign business is operated.E xplanation this is necessary in order for the tax man to know how much tax is applicable for that

Alienation Theme in Metamorphosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alienation Theme in Metamorphosis - Essay ExampleOne day Gregor rout outs up to find that he is a large insect with tiny legs that could hardly carry him. His enormous efforts to wake up and catch the next train after missing the normal one do non bear fruit and he decides to sleep. However, he can non sleep since he is used to sleep on the indemnify side and app arntly, he could not turn to that direction. His employer visits his put up, which makes him open the door and reveal his real status to his parents and his employer who leaves the dramaturgy quite scared. From this point, Gregor is isolated form the rest of his family and he keeps to his room where his sister feeds him. He adopts insect features and items are removed from his room to create him enough space to crawl and fly. Every day he take less, which makes his body very weak. Gregor receives rejection when he leaves his room one last time after hearing sounds of violin form her sister playing for customers. He at last dies and his family celebrates his death (Kafka and Crick 29-44 Kafka web). This paper discusses Kafka story of alienation through Gregor who is alienated from his job, family, social life, and himself. Alienation from Himself One morning, Gregor woke up transformed into large insect. As he lifted his head he could see his brown belly, slightly domed, and divided by arches into wicked sections. He was so huge such that the bedding was hardly able to cover it and seemed ready to seashore off any moment. Gregor had many legs, which were quite feeble compared to the rest of the body and could hardly carry him (Kafka web). This meant that Gregor had ceased to bear like a human being and his actions had to change to that of an insect. He is a new man who has to discover himself again in his new form and manage the normal life he was used to. Kafka uses geological fault from a human being to an insect to depict the highest level of alienation of human beings from themselves. O utwardly, Gregor could fulfil solely his obligations most of which included his parents debts that he had to pay for the next six years. Despite running(a) for the last fifteen years, he is living in his parents apartments with no future of himself, no dreams of his own and this is bound to continue for the next coming years. The job is so demanding that he has to leave the house at wee hours of morning, which makes him have not enough sleep. He has no time for himself to relax and do other things that he loves doing (Kafka web). Alienation from his Job Despite running(a) for his company for the last fifteen years, Gregor is not one of the valued employees. Kafka presents him as one devoted employee who has never failed to report on duty for any these years that he has worked for this company (Kafka web). His devotion is because of loneliness that rocks his life due to lack of a cleaning woman around him and intimacy he longs for. A picture of a woman on his wall tells it all. However, his geological fault has changed things now that he is not a valuable employee. His current transformation alienates him from reporting to his duties a thing that makes him at loggerheads with his employers. A visit by a chief clerk form the company Gregor is working for highlights further conditions surrounding his work place. Gregors boss thinks that he has missed from work because of some specie entrusted to him, which is not the case. The chief clerk is a good intermediary

Genus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Genus - Essay ExampleThe workers keep busy in construction and provision of food. Being stereotypic, they do non have a direct offspring only when work cooperatively together to look after the offspring of the queen. However, these workers are not obligatory sterile (Ciszek 20001), meaning that they are capable of reproducing but when they have to live in colonies, they are not suppose to breed. But, if they are separated from their colonies, then they are able to actively reproduce. Worker breakwater-rats are able to pass their genes to the next generation if they are sterile through the concept of inclusive fitness (Hamilton 19641 Axelrod & Hamilton 19811390), agree to which if the worker mole-rats share genes with their mother queen, then they are able to assist her in raising in store(predicate) queens, thus, enabling the workers to transmit their genes. This assistance is a special blow of eusociality. Hence, we see close in gentility in these mole-rats since in that r espect is high genetic similarity (Faulkes, Abbott & Mellor, 1990). This close inbreeding eliminates the chances of out-breeding in mole-rats which increases their relatedness to the queens offspring. This close genetic relatedness maximizes the workers probable to do more work. ... The male members of these non-workers mate with the breeding female. Since most of these non-workers are sleeping most of the time, thus, the boilersuit energy requirement for the colony is reduced. Their main role is the assistance in the brought up of the offspring. Female mole rats of all these categories are non-breeding, and will never reproduce. Although they are not sterile, yet their ovaries have been found to be inactive. Male mole-rats are able to inseminate however, small mole-rats have difficulty mating with the bigger breeding female. As far as the breeding female is concerned, she belongs to the category of non-workers, and is of the same size as that of non-workers. She is determine thro ugh her prominent mammary glands. The offspring that is born is fed by the breeding female, and rests with the sleeping non-workers. If the dwell is in some hazard, both the sexes of the grass and infrequent workers pick up the offspring, and take him out of the nest. When the danger is over, all the members of all castes bring him back in. During weaning, he feeds on the food brought in by the frequent workers and, when he is about 2 months old, he joins the army of frequent workers, and is about their size at integrity year. His joining the caste of frequent workers is an evidence of that the naked mole-rats share an extended family, which makes them eusocial. Hence, the naked mole-rats are a perfect example of eusociality. They resemble a lot with eusocial insects but differ in that mole-rats do not have a clearly defined breeding male. The breeding female is not easy to twat which shows that she does not reside at such a place that is frequently exposed to dangers like pred ators. This feature is also present in eusocial insects.

John Heartfield Photomontages and Marxism Essay

John Heartfield Photomontages and Marxism - Essay ExampleTo recognize this relationship between Marx and Heartfield, this paper will provide some background into Heartfields work and the Weimar commonwealth before analyzing three of Heartfields works in light of Karl Marxs The German Ideology.Within the diction of his art, Heartfield created photographic symbols for the various political parties. He included such images as clenched fists, raised weapons system and open hands to show the strong actions and determined nature of the men in the various parties to do what they felt was important. Rather than going out and working to take his own photographs, Heartfield opted to take recognizable photographs from the mainstream constringe and reassemble them in such a way as to change the meaning of the image to what he envisioned. Most of his images appeared in the magazine Die Arbeiter-Illustrierte Zeitung (Workers Illustrated Magazine or AIZ). To make his meanings as surface as po ssible, Heartfield stuck to a minimalist style, restricting himself to only a few telling images in separately piece, thus becoming a father of the modern and postmodern movements.The Weimar Republic, a convenient name positive by scholars to distinguish the political situation in Germany between the two world wars, was characterized by barbaric social upheaval. The country had been led for more than 40 years by the military and was suddenly forced, with the release of World War I, to accept a civilian governance. However, the large numbers of soldiers returning from the war, an unstable theme of how civil government should be constructed as well as a general non-acceptance of this type of government led to chaos within Germany. Several councils were put in place by the soldiers and workers of Germany. These councils led to the abdication of Emperor Wilhelm II, the establishment of a socialist nation and the creation of a parliamentary-led governmental system that acted more like a dictatorship. The general

The Old Testament Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The rare Testament - Essay ExampleHowever, the impuissance of Principlism is revealed by oversimplifying complex issues. This is viable by those who study theology to higher levels and getting the deeper insight into the alliance of the integritys in the Old and New Testament. This may reveal a contradiction in Christ pedagogy in Mathew 5 17 and Pauls statement in Romans 76 concerning the law. The Old Testament law is known to be eternal because God constituted it to his people through Moses. Mathew 5 17 states that Do not think I came to abolish the law or the prophets. I didnt come to destroy them, but to fulfill. This text reveals that Christ came to affirm the importance of the law by heavy(p) an example in abiding by them yet he instituted it. In Romans 7 1-6 reveals the impact of the law in mans life without Christ. However, living in Christ makes the adherence of the laws simply because the decorator of the law is the one controlling ones life, therefore, fulfilling it i n line with the requirements. In Deuteronomy 18 9 -13 states when you enter the land that God is about to give you, dont learn the detestable practicesyou must(prenominal) be completely religionful to the lord your God. In this text, God reveals to me that being his then we are adjoin to adhere to his instruction and not be lured to those of the nations. The scripture reveals the need obedient and faithful. These are fundamental to principlism because faith in revealed through obedience.

No topic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

No topic - Assignment fountThis is a perfect representation of democracy as it is the voters opinions that ar reflected on the elected leaders.2.The voters are allowed to strive independent choices too. They are never forced towards making a decision that satisfies the previous leaders wishes. Instead, they are issued with at least two leaders or choices to make in case of a referendum in the ballot paper. Hence, it is up to a voter to make his choice, which counts, in the final tally of the total.3. In the import of the elections, there are losers too. They are rather termed as the minority in the judicature. The minority are guaranteed rights such as freedom of speech and expression and the right to access the media/press.4. All these actions of the minority are in an attempt to keep the majority (government) on toes to fulfil their promises to the citizens and live up to the expectations of a good government. The government then leads the country effectively and cannot be su bdued by personal opinions/

Compare and contrast essay Essay Example for Free

equalise and contrast es state Essay cook Brothers How Negative Stereotypes Affect Polynesian And Maori In untried Zealand My demographic is high school cleaning ladies, fast food burger-making, factory boxpacking, rubbish truck drivers, bus drivers, go drivers, sober drivers and living off the pension joy riders I am a dropout. These atomic number 18 in completely ideas raised and challenged by Joshua Iosefos 2011 viral speech, dark-browned Brother. brownness Brother is unitary of three texts that will be examined, comp bed and contrasted in this essay. The second text, Manurewa, is a short film based on the South Auckland stumble of Navtej Singh, a liquor shop owner. The third text is Fish Heads, a short story written by Aparina Taylor, that focuses on a group of Maori sons who live in the city.The media is a huge culprit for the negative stereotyping that has been brought upon pacifica good deal. Brown pile are more than what they are portrayed to be through me dia. Films such as Manurewa pay back many of the negative stereotypes that have been brought upon Pacific throng. The stereotype of brownish people is a negative one, one of unemployment, one of crime, one of violence. In Manurewa each one of these stereotypes were portrayed. The men in the short film were all unemployed, all committed crime and all showed violence.Bro Town, Siones Wedding, and do I have to mention the GC? Now I dont mean to condescend I mean these shows are great, dont get me wrong plainly can anyone explain will there ever be a time when our representation goes deeper than displace our own people to shame? Joshua Iosefo, in his Brown Brother speech, spoke about this issue how the media represents brown people in a negative light. He highlights how these types of shows create and enforce the stereotypes that brown people flat have to live by. While these shows are meant to entertain, this negative reinforcement only show the bad side of meat of Polynesian and Maori people.One of the major themes of the film Manurewa is about people being trapped by paltry expectations and invisible boundaries. People can become trapped from attaining success, trapped from fulfilling their potential, and trapped from being heard. The message in the film Manurewa is that not all brownpeople are bad, precisely the expectations that their stereotypes have created for them along with the people that they are surrounded with often leads to them making horrific mistakes. In this true story, a good soul has been surrounded with unemployed, violent people and ultimately ends up committing a murder. In the beginning of the film the boy shows that he does have love and passion in his heart through feeding and nurturing the horse. After the murder the three older men are happy and excited but the boy was completely maladjusted about what he had done. These two scenes clearly show that the boy is a good person who only when made a bad mistakes because of th e people that he was surrounded by. When Joshua Iosefo performed Brown Brother at the Tedx conference, he explained how brown people are trapped because of expectations, and surroundings. Meaning that the expectations that have been manipulate from the stereotypes as well as the people that they are surrounded by impact greatly and almost trap brown people from success. He used a box as an example, where he explained that each side of the box inescapably to be kicked down in order for Maori and Polynesian people to succeed.People need to make the variegate themselves through their own actions. Brown people need to stop being what the stereotypes expects them to be and need to dismay proving that they are better than the stereotype. In the short story, Fish Heads the Maori boys are short of currency but they do not let this stop them. All four boys are employed, they all work for the little money that they have and they show that there is no reason to live the way that the stere otype expects them to live. They are not violent, they do not commit crimes and they do not drink alcohol excessively. They respect people and they are happy living a simple wholesome life. Similarly, Joshua Iosefo talks about beating the stereotype, about standing(a) up and showing that you are better than the stereotype. You can do all things through Christ, Philippians 413. You are more than capable. And I dont say that just to make you feel better, I say that because I know. Cause your creator told me to tell you so. You will go places, you will tell stories, so do not feel afraid or alone for your God and your family and your home will forever be inside the marrow of your bones. So do not fret, do not regret. For where you go, you take us with you. Brown brother, do not be afraid to be the first, the first to graduate, the first to climb, the first prime minister,or the first good wife brown brother, do not be afraid to be the change. non in skin tone or colour, but a change in mindset.From one brown brother, to another. These are the powerful words that Joshua pointed at people living under the expectations that the stereotype has set for them. This powerful message is aimed st those who have been beaten by the expectations that have been set by the stereotype. The three texts, Manurewa, Brown Brother and Fish Heads clearly illustrate that there are negative stereotypes and low expectations for Polynesians and Maori in New Zealand. These stereotypes can lead people to feel that they are stuck and defined by their stereotype. Joshua Iosefos speech, talked of the stereotype that was his demographic but also said that Polynesians needed to be responsible for overcoming or changing this stereotype. In the film Manurewa, the softness for Isaac to escape from this cycle of negativity lead the once caring teenager to associate with bad people and ultimately lead to him murdering an innocent man. Whereas in contrast, the text Fish Heads showed that if people are removed from negative environments and influences, they are able to live in a non-stereotypical way.

Teen Suicide Essay Example for Free

Teen Suicide EssayRomeo and Juliet is 1 of the most famous love story in the English literary tradition by Shakespe ar. The form focuses on teenagers committing self-destruction when they are overwhelmed they cant see solutions to problems or the whole truth or what the future day skill be. In Romeo and Juliet, suicide is considered a solution and a misunderstanding. Not in all cases is this needs true , there are many reasons for someone to commit suicide. In the course of the play, the young lovers are driven to kill themselves for one a nonher in order to be together. ( Juliet pret repeals to kill her self so that she could be with the one she loves. ) When there was a misunderstanding and Romeo thought she was dead he then killed him self) They dogged to commit suicide because they did not see the whole truth of what the future might be. Teen suicide is the superseding theme of the play which is represented by hatred, unleashed emotions in which leads them do the unexpl ainable against others and even to them selves. In 1995 Christian, 14 and Maryling,13 were lovers who were not allowed to see one another against their will.Later on they stood at the edge of a Florida canal, join hands and jumped 15 feet into the cold water to their death. They believed that was the only focus they could be truly together. This is exactly what happened in the play Romeo and Juliet. As in the Play Romeo an Juliet even though it was a misunderstanding they wouldnt go on with their live and forget the other you die, we die together. The nature of suicide can be seen in the agency it was described in Romeo and Juliet.At times through out the play it was described as parents not understanding and others as a simple misunderstanding. Kids have so much to grass with and are of all time put on the spot. Many teens experience stress weather its from school or home. Especially with school, having to deal with other peers as well as working hard is not quite easy. Having to always amaze about your future, parents always up your case on how your performance is at school. Other reasons point to a sense of self doubt, confusion, depression and other fears.In many cases it is considered a solution, teens feel thats the only way they could end with their miseries and live a peace once and for all. Look at it this way the way you might be feeling now might not be the way it will be in the future. There is not a single person that could say how some ones life will end up. Trying to fix something or working on ways to improve it will make it give away for the teen. Its also selfish at times to commit suicide because you leave loved ones in grieve. As in the play their families suffer from their tragic death.Romeo and Juliet does not make a specific moral avowal about how suicides are wrong, It portrays that it was necessary in that case. It seemed like the author was intending for Romeo and Juliet to kill them selves because thats what was needed in tha t case. by out this analysis, it has proved that when teenagers are overwhelmed or misunderstood teenagers seem to dissipate the extreme by fetching their lives or by attempting to. Romeo and Juliet was a perfect example in this case. It showed what drove the star crossed lovers to take their lives.

Fair Value Accounting Essay Example for Free

Fair Value invoice EssayThis report card attempts to state the challenges Is Fair Value Fair? In so answering the doubt in that location is a need to de terminationine whether the physical exercise of blank c ar for accurately portray the measure out underlying fiscal and economic transactions to determine whether in that respect is basis to have wizard(a) habitual monetary standardised of valuing the assets and obligations of all firms to find out whether business relationship standards would allow for twain historic and decent nurture and still form meaningful in arrive atation for decision making and establish one is more classical amidst relevancy and re obligation and whether ones the importance each depend upon the financial purposer. 2. synopsis and Discussion 2. 1 What is meant by macrocosm decorously? To be scarce means giving what is repayable to a person. If applied to an asset purchased or financial obligation assumed in business organ ization, fair appraise would app argonntly mean that said asset or liability is neither over hurtd nor underpriced as a occasion of perception. Under the law of economics, fair set would refer to that market price which is tryd by the equilibrium price of a thing or good, which is the rank of the something from a seller that is not forced to sell or from a buyer that is not forced to buy.In a business transaction thither argon always are investors, creditors, and other persons who essential countenance their due in transactions that they go away drop off into. An investor imparting know what is fair if the person or entity will earn on the button enough open above cost of swell and in exchange for the risk that such person or entity is taking. The alike(p) must(prenominal) be line up with a creditor that the person must also get paid on era on his credit plus a sufficient commit for the risk in form of interest and penalties.In terms of viewing the corporation a s a business entity, what is fair to it is what will allow it to have a sufficient return for the risk that it is taking above its cost of doing business or cost of capital. To arrive at what is fair the investors and creditors who are called users of financial knowledge, these users must know the line up or accurate data round of the company so that they will know whether they are vent to earn or lose and plant the necessary decision whether they will sell, buy or patronage to their investments.In other words, to have the chance of beingness treated fairly from a transaction, one must have the opportunity to have the true or accurate hold dear of asset or liability being dealt with in a business transaction. The opportunity is thus normally supplied by financial reports ready by companies and which are made public.It is in these financial reports where set whether fair or historic are inform in accordance with prescribed story standards that may come from the pecunia ry Accounting Standards come on (FASB) in the contingency of US companies and IFRS in case of companies operating in the European Union and in other countries which have adopted the IAS or IFRS. Fair set bill was made pursuant to FAS 157 as issued by US FASB for companies to glitter the report information on how much are the real determine of assets, liabilities and equity in the balance sheet as contrasted with presenting the information using the historical cost accounting.The declare oneself of FAS 157 whence was built on a framework whereby financial users are given the chance about the true state or fair shelter of assets, liabilities and equity for decision making under the apprehension that things will be fair to users of financial information about a company. Incidentally, FAS 157 defines fair look upon near very closely to what was discussed and analyzed so far. It is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an order ly transaction between market participants in a measurement date (Sortur, 2007). 2.2 Does the use of fair value accurately portray the value underlying financial and economic transactions? To the extent that fair value concept is discussed so far, there is the presumed advise that the use of fair value will accurately portray the value underlying the financial economic transaction. As to whether this is true, this subsection will have to evaluate the subsequent result on what happened upon the finish of 157. In the case of banks, there are those who have to write down the value of assets be address of their perception that value have declined due to existing market conditions (Chasan, 2008 Rees-Mogg, 2007).The economic effects however were not favorable to moved(p) interested parties since this action of the banks has produced a backlash. Investors of these banks have lost set of their investments. As a result, the banks have wrench more risky and depositors lost their trust t oo in the banking system. If indeed the banks were in force(p) reflecting the true values of the assets, how come the reaction of these banks as matter of complying with the requirements of the FAS I57 was not good for many of the affected parties? Would it proper then to deduce that the application of FAS 157 is not fair or that FAS 157 fair value is not fair?If the answers to both of these questions are in the affirmative, then this would have the connotation that what is unfavorable to others is not fair. But how if the values being reflected in the write down are indeed the true values, would the fact that users of financially information get adversely affected make the FAS 157 not fair any more? It would seem that it would be not correct to say fair value accounting or the use of fair value will not be fair if users get affected or have the perception of not acquiring what they feel or perceive to deserve even if the information is indeed accurate.Otherwise, fair value account ing would be equated with sure boodles which could never be within the contemplation of the use of information in decision making. Being fair then must first and foremost be characterized to represent the true and accurate information and consequence would be justified by such quality of information. To answer foursquare whether the use of fair value accurately portray the value underlying financial and economic transactions, this paper would have to answer in the affirmative.Based on foregoing analysis the FAS 157 aims to reflect the values what would rough the market price since it is the price to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in a measurement date (Sortur, 2007). FAS 157 fair value is therefore the result of the business transaction using the exit price (Sortur, 2007) and is determined by the buyers and sellers in the market. It is therefore not the job of FAS 157 to create what is unfair but would have onl y to reflect the true values of assets or liabilities that would have to be reported. at that placefore, fair value accounting or the use of fair value must be upheld to be fair if it would reflect or would cause the condemnation of what are true values. Indeed, it must be the capital markets or the buyers and sellers who will determine the market value or fair value and not the accounting standard. The only role of the accounting standard is to cause its reflection in financial reports of companies because of the requirement to make public their financial statement to investors which would reflect the fair values of assets and liabilities.There is argument that the intention of 157 Accounting rule FAS 157 is good but one cannot counter people from taking advantage of the new rule to what could further their interest. It is further argued that in whatever one would like to look at it, the generic thing about business is still the desire for profit by which people are motivated wit h their personal interest to get more wealth (Brigham and Houston, 2002). In response, the use of fair value does consent to allowing people to be taken advantage but cannot celebrate those who would want to and those who do not know how to process information for decision making.If the banks which wrote down asset values are indeed taking advantage of the use of fair value accounting, it is still the transactions between the previous buyer or seller that have caused the reaction which started it and the role of accounting standard is just to reflect them (Meigs and Meigs, 1995). If the requirement to report what is happening is unfair, what will then be fair? Chasan (2008) narrated about some investors expressing their doubts on the effectiveness or fairness of fair value accounting method used especially in the context of evaporating markets caused by the financial crisis.The author however admitted that the use of FAS 157 as an accounting standard was made to improve transparenc y to investors. Citing big write-downs being made big companies like Citigroup and Merrill Lynch Co Inc. which has made multibillion-dollar reductions on subprime-related asset-backed securities and other assets described as hard-to-price assets, the issue of whether fair value is still fair has become a controversial question (Chasan, 2008). The argument being asserted is about the capriciousness of being caused the use of fair value. Rephrased simply, can fair value justify the volatility?Volatility is a term used in business which connotes changes in market prices and which causes risks to investors (Droms, 1990 Helfert, 1994). It is feared that with the desire to create transparency, increased risk from the use of fair value is coming out as a result. To resolve the issue, the previous answer to the question on whether the use of fair value could justify big losses if what is being reflected or reported about company values are still true, would in effect cover the issue of vo latility being blamed on the use of fair value.Hence, this paper believes, that fair value which stands for what is true must be upheld as argued earlier. There are concerns that because of volatility caused by the use of fair value accounting, the gold makers would just be benefiting hedge funds since they are those to profit from volatility (Chasan 2008). In answer, it could argued that such is the constitution of fair value accounting, to allow the market forces to move freely without people being compelled to enter into purchasing and selling transactions.If there are losers, there are also losers and they are part of the process. It is also argued that those who are complaining about the effects of credits being blamed on the use of fair value accounting are investors or groups of them, who may have been instrumental in pushing for the shift to fair value accounting. One of these groups is called the CFA Centre for Financial Market Integrity, with analysts and portfolio mana gers composing the group (Chasan 2008). The group and other groups 2007 had their hostile lobbying to use fair value more in financials.These investor groups could not be only be winners in a market transaction, they could also be losers sometimes otherwise the market is not operating efficiently. 2. 3 Should there be one worldwide standard of valuing the assets and obligations of all firms? The issue of whether there should be everyday standard for valuing the assets and obligation may be very ideal since when one now talks of universal fair value as a universal standard for example, one will have to give macroeconomic conditions of the different companies in the world.Since not all nations are similarly situated, at least economically, there is the strong probability that universal value could not be implemented. The question is being propounded to help in setting what is the fair value in accounting like the universality of human rights. However its impracticality will preven t the attainment of the objective. Accounting values are not human rights. Another thing is the trouble of measuring the risks in business in different countries which are factors in determining the cost of capital of doing business.The variance in risks depends upon many factors including macroeconomic conditions which are affected by political developments. In answer therefore to the question, it will have to plainly say that the vision of universal standard is laudatory and this could be a part of an approximate desire to the internationalization of accounting in many part of the world. There is the blueprint to harmonize all accounting standards in the world. The FAS 157 definition was actually made part of the plan of IASB which makes IFRS, to adopt the former for the use of those using the IAS or IFRS (Sortur, 2007).In other words, efforts are made to approximate universality of standard in valuing the assets and obligations of all firms but its realization could only possi bly become when the time will come for a universal government. 2. 4 Can accounting standards allow for both historical and fair value and still produce meaningful information for decision making? Accounting standards are in effect guides to users to help users make informed decisions in business. Having both historical and fair value must strike the balance of getting to the extreme of having one and disregarding the other.In other words, one needs to know what is historical for comparison to what is fair value or market value to make an informed judgment. Accounting standards must then work for the attainment for the creation of balance between the both values. As to whether the accounting standards can allow for both historical and fair value and still produce meaningful information for decision making, is answered again in the affirmative. This can be tackled demote by happy chance the given statement into two hypnotisms first and then combine them latter.The first propositio n would be say settled in the fact the accounting standards can allow both historical and fair value together. The second proposition is that the use of both will still produce meaningful information. This first proposition is accomplished since the practice have been done for a long time already since in the case of valuing of inventories, accounting standards allow the valuing them of lower of cost or market under the IAS 2. (Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, 2008).The fact that inventories can be valued at cost means the historical cost is maintained but requirement of presenting the fair value of inventory if it has gone down in the market is also a part of the standard which in effect allows the working of fair value concept. There are other IAS concepts which allowed fair value accounting and historical value accounting. Thus this section is not much of a problem. The second proposition appears to also to have been fulfilled by the use of IAS as illustrated.More meaningful informatio n is in fact reflected by allowing a combination of fair value and historical cost in the evaluation of assets and liabilities of companies. By combining the validation done is confirming the application of two proposition, it could be sufficient to powerfully answer the question in the affirmative. 5. Relevancy and Reliability Is one more essential than the other, depending upon the financial user? Both relevancy and reliability are requirements for qualitative characteristics of accounting information.Forcing one to be is more important than the other would be asking the wrong question if the objective is only to determine whether preparing financial information using their fair values is fair. In fact to say that an information must be relevant carries the presupposition that the information must also be reliable. This is on premise that reliability connotes objectivity of information which is very much akin to being truth or fair. Information is relevant or has is relevancy ch aracter if it influences ones decision about a particular issue. On the other hand, reliability deals with the objectivity or accuracy of the information.How could a decision maker consider information as relevant when there is no reliability of the information? On the other hand having reliable information would be of no value if the same is not needed in the decision to be made. The two characteristics must therefore go together. 3. Conclusion The issue of whether fair value accounting or the use of fair in accounting for company assets and liabilities is fair must be answered in the affirmative. What is fair is not what has caused much discredited to a person or entity if such damage was a result of failure to follow the staple fiber rules of making investment.The effect of fair value should not be used to allow one to just justify greed while disregarding the rights of others. A loser under a fair value accounting is comparable to a person who is taking too much risk thus the r eturn could also be high but could be low because of the working of the market. As long as buyers and sellers are not being compelled to complete their transaction, fair value is still fair. Fair value accounting will lead to the truth but its value will also depend on the users of information after they have done their roles in the market.The user will still need to make a comparison with what is historical and what is the current fair value as caused by economic conditions. Present accounting standards have caused the reporting of both kind of information but users must also be prehensile in doing their part. Fair value as a concept in accounting standard was just made to correct the apparent failure of purely historical cost accounting. If fair value accounting is fair, it does not imply that the standard must go back to historical accounting but historical information must still be reported and allow the user to make a difference in how to process the information.Since fair val ue and historical cost could co-exist together, the same must be the better option as it will provide a balance between historical and fair value accounting. References Brigham and Houston, Introduction to Financial Management, Thomson-South Western, USA, 2002 Chasan, Emily (2008), Is fair value accounting really fair? www document URL, http//www. reuters. com/ phrase/reutersEdge/idUSN1546484120080226, Accessed October 20, 2008 Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu (2008), Summary of IFRS for IAS 2, www document URL http//www. iasplus. com/standard/ias02. htm , Accessed October 21, 2008.Droms (1990) Finance and Accounting for Non Financial Managers, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, England Helfert, Erich (1994), Techniques for Financial Analysis, IRWIN, Sydney, Australia Meigs and Meigs, 1995, Financial Accounting, McGraw-Hill, Inc, London, UK Rees-Mogg (2007), Why FAS 157 strikes dread into bankers, www document URL http//www. timesonline. co. uk/tol/comment/columnists/william_rees_mogg/artic le2852547. ece, Accessed October 21, 2008. Sortur (2007) Fair Value Measurement, The leased Accountant www document URL, http//icai. org/resource_file/96471564-1574. pdf, Accessed October 21, 2008.

Norse, Teutonic, or Scandinavian mythology Essay Example for Free

Norse, Teutonic, or S basedinavian mythology seeThought (Hugin) and Memory (Munin) were the two ravens that went unto the world to observe and return to tell of what all men do, impelled by further search for acknowledgeledge, Odin begged Mimir, the wise, to allow him to drink from the well of wisdom, for this he consented to lose an eye. Wounded I hung on wind swept gallows For nine long nights, Pierced by a spear, pledged to Odin, Offered myself to myself The wisest know not from whence sp duck The roots of that antiquated rood. They gave me no bread, they gave me no mead I looked d consume with a loud cry I took up the runes and I fell. (The Elder Edda 56) Here we find Odin at one metre more sacrificing himself for knowledge, In The eventual(prenominal) Encyclopedia of Mythology it is said that Odin actually died on the gallows of Yggdrasil, that he traversed Nifleheim, or Hel in order to obtain the nine sacred runes, that seem to be extremely powerful as depict in T he Elder Edda. The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Mythology adds yet another theory to Odin hanging himself, The parallel amongst Odins voluntary death on Yggdrasil and the crucifixion remains striking. Odin was pierced with a spear and like Christ, cried by before he diedthere is little doubt that his hanging on the cosmic tree had pre-Christian origins and derived from ancient pagan worship. Odin had long been the god of the spear, the god of the hanged. This could definitely be determined as less than speculation, sightedness as we must rely on our sources and to this imply one could say that this is a very legal and well thought out doing. Regardless of minor differences in text again we must as they did default ourselves to the larger span of information. There were two different groups of gods in S back enddinavian Mythology, The Aesir and the Vanir.Each having their own respective dwelling place, Asgard for the Aesir, and Vanaheim for the Vanir. Of the two, The Vanir make believe been said to be the older. Unlike the warrior Aesir, the Vanir were a race of gods associated with fertility, wealth, and good weather. (The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Mythology 500) Among the Vanir were, Njord, the sea and fortune god, Skadi, the god of destruction, Freyja, the goddess of love, and Freyr the god of Fertility. Among the Aesir were, Odin, Balder, Bragi, Forseti Heimdall, Hodr, Thor, Tyr, Vili, Ve, Vidar, Frigg, Sif, and Idun.At one point in time there was a great war between these two branches of gods, yet both the Aesir, and the Vanir came to terms by exchanging some(prenominal) prominent gods of each side. The Vanir sent Njord, Freyr, Freyja, and Kvasir, while the Aesir sent Mimir, and Honir. The Vanir soon found that they got the bad stop over of the deal due to the fact that Mimir was the unaccompanied one who knew what he was talking about, and that in his absence Honir, wasnt actually that bright. The Vanir then sliced of Mimirs moderate and sent it back to Asgard, where Odin used Powerful magic to allow Mimirs head to speak.Little else is known of the Vanir, they seemed to lose importance quickly after it was concluded that the war was resolved so far it was noted that Vanaheim, was potentially unaffected by Ragnarok. This shows evidence of two religions colliding with Scandinavian and Germanic mythology. Revealing to us that Scandinavian mythology has most definately influenced by other ancient tales and stories. (Cherry, Vanaheim) Scandinavian mythology might have been the inspiration to several works of modern day literature.It is Nicole Cherrys opinion that Tolkien was very well acquainted with the northern mythos, as can be seen by the use of it in his books. The name of one of his main characters, Gandalf, is found in The poetic Edda. Gandalf is, in some ways, reminiscent of Odin, the leader of the Norse pantheon. Even the name Middle-earth, the setting for Tolkiens The Lord of the Rings, comes from Norse mythology. T here are several other modern day works of literature based on or derived from Scandinavian mythology as well, such as, The Ring of the Nibelung and The Nibelungenlied.These works, may well show the effect and legacy of Scandinavian Mythology in the World. Another notable element of Tolkeins Lord of The Rings was his use of the ring itself to the Viings the ring meant wealth honor fame and destiny. It was in fact a tradition to give rings to neighboring countries, pitch to notice the ever prominent focal point of the Lord of the Rings. (Day 29) There is no Heaven or Hell in Scandinavian mythology, the only hope is to be brought up to Asgard by a Valkyrie or Battle Maiden.Even then those chosen or the Einherjar (The Heroic dead) faced defeat at Ragnarok in the Final Battle on the Vigrid Plain. This may be unlike any other focal point of religion known. It reasons in many ways that the only way to gain honor is to die in battle unfaltering. Scandinavian Mythology, although comparabl e to other religions or other pagan beliefs is an original and unique work of the Norwegians, Swedish, Icelandic, and Danish peoples of Europe. Hamilton describes it justly by saying, Asgard, the home of the gods, is unlike any other heaven men have dreamed of.No radiancy or joy is in it, no assurance of bliss, it is a cancel and solemn place, over which hangs the threat of inevitable doom the same is true for humanity this conception of flavor which underlies Norse religion, as somber a conception the human mind has ever given assume to A heroic death is not a defeat, but a triumph. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE JRR Tolkien section.

History of Blackpool - growth and decline Essay Example for Free

History of Blackpool growth and decline EssayFor the majority of the 19th century Blackpool was a small fishing village, which received small be of upper class visitors who came due to the supposed healing capabilities of the coast, and its fresh air. This changed in 1846 with the creation of a line line going up to Blackpool, which make travel to the area cheap and affordable for the public. The majority of those who persistent to visit Blackpool were factory workers and their families who came from cities like Liverpool and Manchester. Due to air travel being very expensive at the time and only the rich could afford to go abroad.Blackpool became the destination to go to for the working class during their holidays. Blackpool recognize their frequentity and over the eld constructed three new piers to house new attractions. Three new piers were constructed, named the North, Central and southwestward Piers and were constructed in 1863, 1868 and 1893 respectively. The Wint er Gardens, which was effectively an indoor mall, was set up in 1878 and housed an opera house and a theatre. The Blackpool Illuminations, which were put up a year later, and the Blackpool Tower, built in 1894, which housed a Ballroom, Circus Hall and an Aquarium, attach to this.Due to all these attractions Blackpool became a major tourist destination. In 1930 7 million tourists came to the area and this subject increased to 17 million in 1950. Blackpools Decline Blackpool began to enter its decline period during the mid(prenominal) 20th century onwards. During this time the disposable income and free time of workers started to increase. This combined with cheaper air flight tickets and software package holidays meant that people could go abroad for the first time in their lives. France and Spain were the most popular destinations and over the years started to gain more and more tourists.This took away from the number of people visiting Blackpool. As an attempt to pair of pincer s back tourists hotels and restaurants in the area started to dramatically decrease their prices with the aim of attracting more tourists. This ended up having the icy effect. While more tourists did come to the area, they were more downmarket than what Blackpool used to receive. The new crowds attracted by Blackpool were seen as unsociable and unpleasant and removed the family friendly nature associated with Blackpool. The loss of families as potential tourists was a major pamper to Blackpool and further added to its decline.Blackpools Rejuvenation Recently Blackpool has made attempts to restore its status as a popular tourist destination. Winter Gardens was bought from its private owners and brought back into the public market and a contract with Merlin was made to include the Blackpool Tower with its other hosts of amusement parks. Additionally ? 300 million was spent in modify the state of Blackpools infrastructure. While the effort is helping Blackpool it isnt increasing it s status as a tourist destination. alternatively of entering Rejuvenation Blackpool has entered a state of slowed decline.

Emotional Intelligence Essay Example for Free

ablaze recognition EssayThe affair of this paper is to describe the differences between traditional cognitive intelligence and perceptional intelligence. It will also carry on the use of emotional intelligence concepts in the work life, base life, and personal life. There are galore(postnominal) possible translations of emotional intelligence. In accordance with an article titled Theory, Findings, and Implications written by Mayer, Salovey, and Caurso in 2004, depict emotional intelligence as, the capacity to reason some emotions, and of emotions to enhance thinking. It includes the abilities to accurately perceive emotions, to access and scram emotions so as to assist thought, to understand emotions and emotional knowledge, and to reflectively regulate emotions so as to labor emotional and intellectual growth. Cognitive Intelligence is the intellectual abilities such as logic, reason, reading, writing, analyzing and prioritizing. These abilities are abilities that i s in your channelize which uses the neocortez, not the emotional part of your brain.Emotional Intelligence is expanded into volt main domains which expands it definition for a clearer misgiving. The first is knowing unrivalleds emotion, which describes self-awareness of recognizing a feeling as it happens. It is the keystone of emotional intelligence. Having the abilities to supervise your feelings from one minute to the next is crucial to your psychological insights of understanding yourself. The second is managing your emotions, which is self management. This means handing feelings so they are appropriate in an ability that builds on your self-awareness. The third is motivating yourself, which is control yourself in the example of adversity and continue toward attaining your personal goals. The fourth is recognizing emotions in other slew around you. Showing em formy for others makes people appreciate that their feelings are recognized and respected.The twenty percent and final domain is handling relationships. This demonstrates social skills. How well you john handle relationships with your workers, which you use to influences them in accomplishing the organizations mission. Prior totaking this course, I did not win how vital the emotional intelligence concept has in our work life, photographic plate life, and personal life. As a leader you are charged with leading people to accomplish the organizations goal. In the military, the definition of leadership is the art of influencing soldiers to accomplish the mission by providing, purpose direction, and motivation. We discuss intrapersonal and interpersonal skills but neer to point to call it emotional intelligence. Soldiers join the military from all walks of life. As a leader you mustiness adapt to the differences in everyones culture.You job is mesh these people together gel as one cohesive unit in peacetime and wartime. If you do not possess the five concepts as mentioned above the roadway to accomplishment can be devastation to not only the military, but to our country national security. Emotional Intelligence in your home life calls for a lot of managing your emotions and empathy. Sharing life with a assistant is not an easy feat. You are thinking for yourself anymore like you once did. When you add children to the equation and then life as you know is never the same. You are basically do the same a home that you are doing at work, trying to accomplish a goal. In this case, it more personal but the path your family takes depends on your ability to lead them by managing your emotion being empathy to your family when they do not meet the prospect you have for them.Emotional Intelligence in your personal life has a tremendous affect on whether you lead a happy life or whether you are always fighting with someone about one thing or another. Daniel Goleman described an instant in his tenth anniversary edition support on Emotional Intelligence about how important emotio nal intelligence is to selecting a partner to marriage. The fifth domain is important to handling relationship. Most relationship suffer because two people not understanding each other. You must recognize what a person tick in order adjust you emotion for harmony.During this paper, a description of the difference between traditional cognitive intelligence and emotional intelligence was explained. The five main domains which expands the definition for a clear understanding was listed. The emotional intelligence concepts in work life, home life, and personal life was analyzed to explain how the domains are intertwined in every aspects of your life.ReferenceColeman, D. (2005). Emotional Intelligence Why it Can Matter More Than IQ (10th ed.). New York, NY Bantam Dell.

A Preview Of The Twentieth Century Essay Example for Free

A view Of The Twentieth Century Essay score tells us so much that the essence of liberality would be of a void nature without it. We can safely say that history is the collective experience of humanity itself. Thus, a distortion made upon history is irreverence to our collective experience. If one distorts history, he/she mixed bags humanitys life story.There is a need to preserve history as it happened. From history we learn lessons and bar doing things that lead us to our own destruction. Take for example the two cosmea wars that happened, if a third world war happens, then we, humanity, did not learn and care at all about our own history. History distortions commonly happen in the ideological and political arena. These distortions kill human lives. Conflicts that happen in the atomic number 63 and the Middle East as well as in America are caused by differences on the way people view religion and faith. Infamous of these are bombings caused by Muslim fundamentalists.Hence , history should be taught as it happened. History should be taught with clarity and vividness. People are intelligent enough to discern in the midst of the good and bad events that happened. Respect given for each others perspective and ideology should be encouraged to avoid conflicts. An integration of history arriving at the closest description of events as they happen should be through with(p) taking into consideration the differences in the religious and political beliefs of different races. Research should be done in order to correct the mistakes made on writing history. Yet, the most important of these is respect. If people cannot have on a particular issue of history, then their only option is to respect its others views. There is no other alternative, they must respect each other. History is what we are. If we distort our perception of history, we change our very lives meaning.

Gender Schema Theory Essay Example for Free

sexual practice Schema Theory EssayMartin and Halverson suggested an alternative to the cognitive-developmental approach proposed by Kohlberg and called it the sex activity schema theory. In Kohlbergs theory, children must reach sexuality consistency before they ar able to begin imitating the behaviour of uniform sex role models.In gender schema theory the early gender identity acquired at about the come along of three is the dineroing point to which children will then begin to look for schemas, schemas are packages of conspired clutters of breeding about gender-appropriate behaviour and children learn these schemas by interacting with people, much(prenominal) as learning which works to come across with, which clothes to wear etc. and these help children to make sense of the world around them and help children to organise their experiences and process new information and also to help self-evaluate themselves, this is to help them feel good about themselves. persist f or the gender schema theory was conducted by Martin et al 1995 who showed toys to children aged four to five. Children were informed, before choosing a toy to stage with that it was either a girls toy or a boys toy, they were then asked whether they and other boys or girls would analogous to play with the toys. They found that if a toy, such as a magnet, was given the label of being a boys toy then only boys would play with it.However if boys were told that it was a girl toy then they didnt want to play with it. Similarly girls would not play with toys labelled for boys. The label given at the start consistently affected the childrens toy preference. It is an important finding in that it highlights the labelling and the categorisation of objects that children are subjected to from a young age, and how their toys can be labelled in the same way as appropriate gender behaviour.A limitation of this look for is that an observation of the children and although it has high ecological validity as it is in a real life setting, the children may shit shown demand characteristics as the toys were stereotyped for their gender it is questionable if they had guessed the trail of the research and the results may stimulate been collectable to the children trying to please the researcher as they may have thought they would get punished for choosing the wrong gendered toy to play with and how much of the childrens choice was due to free-will.It was also done in a controlled environment which means that the findings cannot be generalised outside of the research setting. Bauer 1993 wanted to investigate this further and set out to study the way in which children call upon gender schemas when processing information. Pre-school-age and older children have been found to process gender consistent and gender inconsistent information differently so Bauer wanted to see if this was the case in very young children as well.Bauer devised a way to test girls and boys as young as twen ty-five months of age. Children observed the experimenter carry out short sequences of stereotypically womanly, male or gender neutral activities, for example, changing a nappy, shaving a teddy have on or going on a treasure hunt. She tested children by elicited imitation both immediately after and 24 hours later to see if they would copy what they had seen.Bauer found that girls showed equivalent quality of abandon for all three types of sequence, boys on the other hand showed superior recall of male stereotyped activities, sum they would not imitate any female behaviour and their recall for gender neutral activities was the same as for male stereotyped activities. These results indicate that boys more than girls tend to make use of gender schemas by the age of twenty-five months and boys appear to remember more accurately event sequences consistent with their own gender, whereas girls show no difference in recall of gender consistent and gender inconsistent information.A limi tation of this research is that it could be due to boys being more likely to be penalised by their parents, especially their fathers for carrying out female stereotyped activities, so the children may have played with the male stereotyped toys even if they wanted to play with the other female stereotyped toys.The findings may also be down to that Bauer, who modelled the sequences, is female and the boys may have felt uncomfortable in copying her behaviour. Gender schema theory is parsimonious as it tries to justify gender through cognitive development and does not take into consideration biological gender differences, such as chromosomes, genes or hormones. It is also alpha-bias as it exaggerates the differences between men and women.

Market Segmentation Essay Example for Free

food market divider EssayAn organization cannot satisfy all the needs and wants of all the consumers. Therefore, Market is divided into diverse segments so an organization can focus on the needs and wants of the specific consumers who share mistakable needs and instal similar buyer behavior. In the world, there are various types of buyers with their own needs and behavior. Segmentation is the solve to match groups of the purchasers with same needs and wants.Market partitioningThe division of a market into different groups or the process of splitting customers in a market into different groups or segments, within which customers show similar buying behavior and share a similar level of interest in the same mint of needs and wants satisfied by a marketer is called Market segmentation. Reasons for segmentation of marketThe reason for segmenting a market is to allow your marketing program to focus only on the segment that is most apt(predicate) to buy your offering. Market segmentation makes possible how to use marketing mix for different target markets. A confederation is then able to determine which groups of customers are best suited to serve and which fruit and return offers will meet the needs of the customers and will satisfy them. Therefore, the main object glass of segmentation must be how to win and retain the customers you want to serve. If the segmentation process is done properly then it will date the maximum return for your marketing and sales expenditures, depending on what you are selling and whether you are selling your offerings to undivided consumers or a business.Levels of Market SegmentationSegment merchandisingIndividual tradeNiche MarketingLocal MarketingSegment MarketingDividing the market into different segments on the basis of solid need. divide on basis of broad similarity with regard to some attributes. Segmentation is also sometimes identifying, capturing retaining authority new markets.Individual MarketingExtre me marketing in which marketers focus on individual customers. animation track of individual tastes preferences of individual customers. Many companies are approaching individuals through e-mails to promote their products.Niche MarketingMarketers effort to position their product or service in smaller markets that obligate similar attributes and have been neglected by sepa sum up marketer. Segment further divided into sub segments to bring home the bacon unsatisfied needs of small group is called as niche.Local MarketingMarketers offer customized products to suit the local anaesthetic markets. McDonalds introduced Muslimized or Arabic products such as Big Mac, Halal Chicken, Mac Arabia, and moreVariables to Segment the MarketThere are a number of segmentation variables that allow an organization to divide their market into homogenous groups. These variables will be discussed briefly belowGeographicDemographicPsychographicBehavioralGeographic segmentationIt is ground on regional variables such as region, climate, population density, and population growth rate. Geographic segmentation divides markets into different geographical areas. Marketers use geographic segmentation because consumers in different parts of world vary in characteristics and behaviors. An area can be divided by the town, the region or the country. If you are an organization functional on a global scale you may divide by global regions such as Europe, North America, South America, Asia and Africa.ExampleMcDonalds globally, sell burgers aimed at local markets, for example, They also offer vegetable burgers in India due to lots of vegetarians and burgers are made from lamb in India rather than beef because of religious issues also.In Mexico more chili sauce is added and so on.In Muslim countries halal food is offered.In Arabic countries Arabic food is offered like Mc Arabia.Demographic SegmentationIt is based on variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, education, occupation, income, and f amily status. Demographics originate from the word demography which means a study of population. The population can be divided into age, gender, income, and family lifecycle amongst other variables. As people age their needs and wants change, some organizations develop specific products aimed at particular age groups. Gender segmentation is commonly used within the cosmetics, clothing and magazine industry. Income segmentation is another strategy used by many organizations Products and services are also aimed at different lifecycle segments.ExamplesFor different age groups Nappies for babies, toys for children, clothes for teenagers and so on. Introduction of Maxim, (www.maxim-magazine.co.uk)A potent lifestyle magazine covering male fashion, films, cars, sports and technology.Psychographic SegmentationoIt is based on variables such as values, attitudes, opinions, interests, personality and lifestyle.oIt is used highly in the hospitality industryoVALS (Values And Lifestyles)Principl e Oriented- principles or beliefs rather than feelings, events, or desire for approval. Status Oriented- status or other peoples actions, approval, or opinions. Action Oriented- action prompted by a desire for social or physical activity, variety, and risk taking.Behavioral SegmentationIt is based on variables such as usage rate and patterns, price sensitivity, brand loyalty, and reachs sought. It refers to why people purchase a product or service. How will the product enhance their overall lifestyle? Occasion is another variable. When should a product be purchased? Occasion segmentation aims to increase the reason to buy factor and thus increase sales. Usage rate divides customers into light, medium and threatening users. Heavy users obviously contribute more to turnover then light or medium users, the objective of an organization should be to attract heavy users who will make a greater contribution to company sales. It is based on benefits people seek when buying a product. It i s based on Total satisfaction from a service rather than individual benefits.ExamplesWhen someone is going out to dinner McDonalds and local eatery will not come in the same breathe for choices of where to go. When purchasing a computer the benefit sought will be of ease of use. The demand for turkeys increases during Christmas, flowers and chocolates on mothers daylight and so on.

Richard Wagamese Review Essay Example for Free

Richard Wagamese Review EssayRichard Wagamese, Canadian author who wrote the book Indian Horse came to speak at Acadia. I was blown away from his speech. He came to the podium, humble and spoke in his native language. He indeed translated what he had said, welcoming and thanking everyone in the audience. Wagamese then began retelling his past. He started off with the 60s scoop, being one of the victims and taken away to a light foster family. He described to have lost family name and his identity. Wagamese faced many hardships in his smart home.He described his first feelings of abuse, since he was never hit before his first hit was so surprising he didnt know what to feel. Then in school kids would bully him for being boring, for not being able to spell the alphabet. No one taught him how to short-change, and so he tried to learn all by himself. Then, Wagamese told the audience about a particular teacher. She was the one who stuck with him, discovered his terrible vision, got him glasses, and patiently taught him everyday the alphabet. Hold on to that study, Wagamese said.He fast forwarded until he was sixteen. When he discovered he had the rights to take out the foster home. He left, stranded on the streets and starving for food. One night he found a place to sleep. He put his nice pair of shoes on the side of his head and the next morning they were gone. In March with winter just lifting off and only a pair of socks on, he marched through the wet slush. Along the way a man selflessly helped Wagamese dry off and flying up with a couple of cups of coffee. Again he repeated, Hold on to that story. Wagamese moved to another story about a library he visited everyday to educate himself. A librarian noticed him, how he would come and sit for hours and read. Noticing he was hungry, she took a step ahead and left a lunch clutch for him to eat. They eventually connected and from then on Wagamese discovered more about the library from the librarian.

Effect of Temperature on Vitamin C in Orange Juice

put together of Temperature on Vitamin C in O dictate succusAbstractThis experiment was planned to study how diametrical temperatures can affect the sack of vitamin C in orangish succus stored for a fixed consummation of time. Equal bulk of fresh squeezed chromatic juices with cognise (initial) vitamin C parsimony were stored at contrary temperatures i.e. 10C, 20C, 30C, 40C, 50C and 60C for a constant period of 5 days. After the storage period, the vitamin C parsimony for severally temperature was cargonful by DCPIP titration and the difference congener to the initial niggardliness was calculated to calculate the hail of vitamin C reduced. The result of this experiment showed that the amount of vitamin C lost increases with the increase in temperature and 10oC was the best temperature that gave the least reduction in vitamin C concentration. An analysis victimization Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient has revealed a strong positive analogue relationship between the two variables with the calculated r value exceeds the critical value at 5 % significant level thence, realizeing the experimental hypothesis.Vitamin C is a remarkable compound derived from one of the ascorbic enantiomers, L-ascorbate. It is a water soluble vitamin that cannot be naturally synthesized in human body.1 Therefore, it is vital to have our diet balanced with adequate amount of it every day. There be two important roles played by vitamin C antioxidant and collagen formation.2 These two features have placed vitamin C in a class of its own as a future potential in fostering relegate health.A previous research regarding relationship between vitamin C and human brain has shown that vitamin C could assistance drugs to pass the blood brain barrier.6 This would enable brain diseases such as Parkinson to be effectively hard-boiled as artificial dopamine can be delivered directly to the brain. At the same time, the biggest challenge in bone marrow treatment i.e . getting enough cells, could possibly be solved as a recent study by Dunagqing Pei13 on vitamin C, has found that it can boost the production and pluripotency of stem cells in human body.However, Vitamin C is also cognize to be very vulnerable towards heat. The precursor of vitamin C, ascorbic acid, has molecular of C6H8O6. The propinquity of highly electronegative type O atoms on the hydroxyl (OH) groups makes the hydrogen atoms to become easily detached from the structure. Meanwhile, the nominal head of heat causes the hydroxyl bond to break the ascorbic acid is said to undergo desolation or oxidisation by losing hydrogen atoms, forming dehydroascorbic acid. Therefore, it is suggested that the localize of ascorbic acid goal is significantly greater at high temperature.* nigh of the studies on vitamin C degradation are principally based on the effect of storage modify and period, and very few were done on identifying the degradation trend within a specific range of tempera ture.Previous research, on the effect of storage methods and conditions on vitamin C retention in human draw revealed that freezing reduces the least amount of vitamin C as compared to other storage methods, followed by refrigeration which is bump than cold water. Another study at Ankara University, has shown an inverse relationship between temperature and retention valuate of vitamin C in citrus harvest-tide concentrates, while orange fruit was found to have higher(prenominal) retention ability than the others.Therefore, this experiment was aimed to find a specific trend regarding the effect of temperature on the damage of vitamin C. Citrus fruits (orange) were used in this experiment due to appreciable amount of vitamin C that they have, thus, increasing the reliability of the results. The results from this study can be used to illustrate how certain temperatures can cause drastic transport in vitamin C hence, increasing the awareness on appreciating the effort of pre desti ny vitamin C content in pabulum for optimum health benefit. For instance, in agricultural tropical regions that grow citrus fruits, it becomes very vital to assert the fruits at low temperature if possible due to higher chance of vitamin C decease than other regions. experimental theoryThe higher the temperature, the higher the degradation of vitamin C in freshly squeezed orange juice.Null HypothesisThere is no significant relationship between the different temperature and the degradation of vitamin C in freshly squeezed orange juice.PLANNINGFive showcases of citrus fruits were randomly chosen, namel lemon, lime, grapefruit, Clementine and orange. The fresh juice of distributively fruit was obtained through cutting and squeezing. The vitamin C content for severally juice was determined by titration against 1 ml of 1 % DCPIP. The titration was iterate two times to get an average hoi polloi of the juice demand to decolorize DCPIP. The resultThe least volume of orange was ne eded to decolourise DCPIP, indicating that it has the highest vitamin C content. Therefore, orange fruit was chosen as it would give significant reaction towards different temperatures.Determining the best storage periodseveral(prenominal) orange fruits were squeezed to obtain fresh orange juice that would be enough for its vitamin C content to be measured on daily basis. Firstly, the initial vitamin C content of the juice was measured and 4.8 ml was needed to decolourise 1 ml of DCPIP closure. Equal volume of the remaining juice was divided into two beakers and each was stored in an incubator of different temperatures (10C and 60C). Two distinctive temperatures were chosen to allow indulgent equation of the trend in each temperature. The resultThe result shows no more change in volume of juice required after 5 days for 60C. Therefore, storage period of quin days were chosen for the main experiment.MAIN EXPERIMENTVariablesManipulated variable Different temperatures (oC)(6 incub ators were set at different temperatures of10C, 20C 0, 30C, 40C, 50C and 60C)Responding variable inwardness of vitamin C lost(By DCPIP titration, the difference between initial and final vitamin C concentration in each juice wascalculated to determine the concentration of vitamin C reduced)Fixed variables Storage period, volume and concentration of DCPIP, type of fruits(The storage period was five days. 1ml of 0.1% DCPIPUsed for each titration)ApparatusBeakers, knife, test tubes, syringes, Parafilm, aluminum paper, incubators, plaster and pestle, measuring stick cylinder.MaterialsOrange fruits, 1% dichlorophenolinophenol (DCPIP) solution, distilled water, 500 mg vitamin C tablet.Real Experimental ProceduresStandardizing Vitamin C Concentration1) A tablet of 500 mg vitamin C tablet was crushed into fine powders apply a mortar and a pestle.2) The powdery form of vitamin C was then dissolved into 100 ml of distilled water in a beaker to form 5 mg/ml of ascorbic solution.3) 1 ml of 1% DCPIP solution was measured and placed into a test tube by using a syringe.4) 1 ml of 5 mg/ml of ascorbic acid solution was then taken using a syringe and added moult by drop into the measured DCPIP solution until decolourised.5) The volume of ascorbic acid solution needed to decolourise the DCPIP solution was recorded.6) The titration process was repeater three times to get an average volume.The result of titration is as followsVolume of Juice Titrated / mlHence, 2.5 ml of 5 mg/ml of ascorbic acid solution was needed to decolourise 1 ml of 1% DCPIP solutionTo find a formula to calculate vitamin C concentration in orange juice,Conc. of orange juice (mg/ml) Vol. of orange juice (mg/ml)=5 mg/ml 2.5 mlSince the volume needed to decolourise is proportional to vitamin C concentration. So.Conc. of orange juice (ml) 2.5 ml=5 mg/ml Vol. of orange juice (mg/ml)2.5 mlConcentration of orange juice (mg/ml) = X 5 mg/mlVol. of orange juice (ml)Therefore, this calculation would be used to cal culate the vitamin C concentration.Determining vitamin C qualifying10 orange fruits were cut and squeezed to obtain fresh juice.1 ml of 1% DCPIP solution was measured and placed into a test tube by using a syringe.1 ml syringe was filled with the orange juice and added drop by drop into the DCPIP solution until it decolourised. The volume of juice added was recorded.The titration was repeated five times to get an average volume and its vitamin C concentration was calculated using the derived formula.The juice was then divided into 6 equal volumes and each placed into 100 ml beaker.The top of each beaker was sealed with Parafilm and its surface was wrapped with aluminium paper and labelled with different temperatures.The beakers were placed in six incubators of different temperatures according to the label and left hand for five days.After five days, the beakers were sealed off.1 ml of 1% DCPIP solution was measured and transferred into a test tube by using a syringe.The orange jui ce stored in 10C was taken by a syringe and added drop by drop into the DCPIP until it decolourised. The volume of juice added was recordedThe titration was titrated three times to get an average volume and its vitamin C concentration was calculated using the formula2.5 mlConcentration of orange juice (mg/ml) = X 5 mg/mlVol. of orange juice (ml)Steps 8-10 were repeated but this time using the orange juices stored in C, 30C, 40C, 50C and 60C.The difference between the initial concentration and the final concentration of each juice was calculated to determine the amount of vitamin C lost.Risk opinionThe process of cutting the orange fruits required the use of knife, so it was done carefully to avoid either injury. The fruits were then squeezed very gently to downplay heat production. The juice was plainly prepared right forrader the experiment was about to be carried out. DCPIP is a strong dye which is hard to be removed so lab coat was worn. During the titration of juice against DCPIP, the test tube was not shaken vigorously to avoid atomic number 8 from dissolving. The juice was discarded immediately after the experiment.ResultsStatistical AnalysisBased on the result from the table, it is known that in that respect is an obvious trend and correlation between the temperature and vitamin C loss. Therefore, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (PMCC) was chosen to measure the capacity of this relationship.In this method, the value of correlation coefficient, r needs to be calculated which ranges from -1 to 1. The details of its values are as followTherefore, the value of correlation coefficient, r, using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient has shown a strong positive linear relationship between temperatures and loss of vitamin C. Hence, null hypothesis is rejected.Data AnalysisTable 4 shows the volume of the freshly-squeezed orange juice needed to decolourise 1ml of 1% DCPIP solution. The average volume was used to calculate the conce ntration of vitamin C present initially. Meanwhile, Table 5 shows the amount of vitamin C concentration reduced after cosmos stored at different temperatures for five days. From the table, there is an inverse relationship between the vitamin C concentration left and the amount of vitamin C lost. There is also a immense difference in the amount of vitamin C left between the juice stored in 10 oC andt the one stored at 60 oC, which is 2.11 mg/ml. This represents 77.6% of the reliable concentration of vitamin C. The calculated statistical correlation coefficient, r of 0.9584 is absolutely a strong indicator to support this relationship.Graph 1 illustrates the trends and correlation between the two variables. From the graph, it can be concluded that generally, the higher the temperature, the higher the amount of vitamin C lost. 10 oC is the best temperature that gave the least reduction in vitamin C level with only 0.12 mg/ml (4.4%) decrease after five days. Meanwhile, 60 oC caused m aximum drop in concentration after five days with 2.23 mg/ml (82%) of vitamin C had lost. The largest gap in vitamin C loss occurred between 40 oC and 50 oC with 1 mg/ml (37%) of increase recorded.Based on the graph, the amount of degradation at 20C and 30C opposed the general trends when 0.6 mg/ml vitamin C had lost at 10C which is greater than 0.56 mg/ml at 30C. However, the difference is so small which suggests that this anomaly might be due to several reasonsHigher rate of oxidation of ascorbic acid by oxygen in the atmosphere.False end- charge up titrationApart from that, the results obtained have also shown that there is only a little change in vitamin C concentration from 10C to 30C. However, drastic change in concentration started to occur after 40C. This suggests that orange fruits should be unploughed below 30C with better vitamin C retention at lower temperature.EvaluationFrom the results of the experiment, the huge difference in vitamin C lost between 40C and 50C could be explained by the presence of enzyme ascorbate oxidase in citrus fruits. The function of this enzyme is still not fully understood, but one best suggestion is that it might involve in controlling the oxidation process of ascorbic acid.12 on the nose corresponding any other enzymes, when the optimum temperature is exceeded, the bonds holding the ascorbate oxidase together start to break and it is said to be denatured. Therefore, the destruction of ascorbic acid takes place without any control.Measurement of vitamin C in this experiment was done by titrating the juice against dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP). It is a strong oxidizing agent with distinctive blue colour and decolourised when being reduced by vitamin C.15 Therefore, the destruction of vitamin C by heat means that more is needed to decolourise DCPIP solution.Oxidation of DCPIP by oxygen in the atmosphere is one of the limitations of this experiment. Hence, the test tubes were not shaken vigorously during titration in order to minimise this limitation as vigorous moves can increase the rate of oxygen dissolving in a solution.The other limitation could be the side decomposition of vitamin C due to the presence of light and get off. Just like temperature, ultraviolet ray from incidence light causes the hydroxyl bond in ascorbic acid to break, thus become oxidised. To reduce this limitation, the beakers containing orange juice to be stored at different temperatures were neatly wrapped with aluminium paper which is a good reflector of light and heat. The surfaced of the beakers were also sealed with Parafilm. This would prevent the entry of air and significantly reduce unnecessary oxidation of vitamin C in the juice.Several modifications can be do in the future to improve the accuracy and reliability of the results of this experiment. Iodine titration could be used as an election for DCPIP titration. Although this technique may require the use of more reagents, the result from the trial experiment has shown that the end point of titration is much easier to be identified. Besides, orange juice could be obtained by blending the peeled orange fruits preferably of squeezing them. This ensures maximum amount of juice obtained from each fruit as well as preventing destruction of vitamin C by heat. Finally, percentage of vitamin C degraded can be used as the response variable instead of concentration. This would allow clearer illustration of the amount of vitamin C reduced for the readers and also make the comparison process easier.ConclusionBased on the result of this experiment, it can be concluded that the higher the temperature, the greater the degradation of vitamin C in freshly squeezed orange juice. The statistically calculated r value using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, 0.9584, is significantly higher than the critical value at 5% significance level thus, providing a strong evidence to support the hypothesis.Sources EvaluationSeveral recourses were used i n providing me important information in completing this assignment. Sources 1 and 2 are books that are specially made about fruit caution and also detailed information about vitamin C as well as compelling research on it. Both books were published after year 2005, so the information available is mostly up to date.Besides, I have also accessed journals available online. Sources 3 and 4 come from two well known websites for food and nutrition based journals. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition is a trustable website with over 3100 members, print up to dates research related to nutrition and human.Sources 7, 8 and 9 are chemistry based websites, serving enormous information on the structures and reaction of biological compounds. Chemwiki is a virtual online based chemistry textbook, accessed by millions of people searching for chemistry knowledge. Sources 10 and 11 are websites exclusively made for vitamin C. The Vitamin C Foundation, for instance, is recognised by Internal Re venue Service, IRS in protecting vast information about vitamin C for semipublic reference.Source 12, Scientific American magazine is a popular scientific magazine established for or so two centuries since 1845 with more than 3.5 million readers all over the world. Therefore, there would be no doubt in reliability of the content in this magazine.